Evaporation of liquids
The faster a liquid evaporates, the more it cools. Over two minutes, water cooled by 0.8, ethanol by 4.0, and acetone by 15.1 °C.
- Water
- Ethanol
- Acetone
Raw data 액체의 증발 물 아세톤 에탄올.csv
Endothermic and exothermic reactions
Calcium chloride releases heat as it dissolves (+11.7 °C), while ammonium nitrate absorbs it (−5.6 °C).
- Water
- Calcium chloride
- Ammonium nitrate
Raw data 흡열발열반응.csv
pH (six samples)
For each sample, the recorded pH values were sorted, 10% were dropped from each end, and the rest were averaged (trimmed mean). Water is the control.
Raw data pH 시료 6종 절사평균.csv
Neutralization reaction
The recorded pH column cannot be used because of a firmware conversion error, so pH was recalculated from the sensor voltage. With the equivalence point (08:05, 1.881679 V) set to pH 7 and the Nernst slope at the measured temperature, 60.01 mV/pH: pH = 7 + (1.881679 − V) ÷ 0.06001.
Raw data 중화 반응 재보정 pH.csv